उदीयमान तकनीकों की सूची
नीचे कुछ उदीयमान प्रौद्योगिकी (Emerging technology) की सूची दी गयी है। उदीयमान तकनीकें, नवीन तकनीकें होती हैं; इनमें तकनीकी जगत में उथल-पुथल मचाने की क्षमता (disruptive technologies) होती है - ये पहले से जड़ जमायी तकनीकों को पिछाड सकती हैं। उदाहरण के लिये सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी ऐसी ही एक तकनीकी है जो पहले ही उथल-पुथल कर चुकी है। इसी प्रकार कृत्रिम बुद्धि जो कि सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी के अन्दर ही आती है, इसमें भी उथल-पुथल करने की प्रबल क्षमता है।
| उद्दियमान तकनीकें | वर्तमान स्थिति | पिछाडी गयी तकनीकें | उपयोग | प्रमुख कमियाँ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| कृत्रिम बुद्धि | Theory and experiments | Human Brain | Creation of intelligent devices | Economic dislocation |
| अनुबांशिक प्रौद्योगिकी / शंश्लेषण जीव विज्ञान (Synthetic biology) | Diffusion | Evolution | Creation and modification of species | Human-made disease |
| Bio fuels | Diffusion | Fossil fuels | Energy source, particularly for transportation | Raises food prices when utilizing food crop feedstock |
| Electric cars | Small scale production and prototypes | Internal combustion engine automobiles | Greener transportation | |
| Anti-aging drugs: resveratrol | Animal testing; Theory | Existing treatments for age-related diseases | Life extension | Overpopulation |
| Nootropics: Piracetam, Pregnenolone | Human trials | Drugs that improve memory or cognition in healthy or aged populations. | Nootropics | Side effects, dependency, abuse |
| Virtual retinal display | Working prototypes | VR headsets, displays | Augmented reality, virtual reality | |
| Personal rapid transit | Working prototypes (and models) | Conventional rail/bus public transport | Greener transportation | |
| Solid-state drive | Diffusion | Hard disk drive | Smaller, faster, quieter, lower power consuming storage | |
| Memristor | Working prototype | Some current integrated circuits, many other electronics devices | Smaller, faster, lower power consuming storage, analogue electronics, Artificial intelligence | |
| Optical computing | Theory and experiments - some components of integrated circuits have been developed | Many integrated circuits and other electronics devices | Smaller, faster, lower power consuming computing | |
| Nanomaterials: carbon nanotubes | Diffusion and Theory and experiments | Structural steel and aluminium | Stronger, lighter, and more intelligent materials | Nanoparticles' health risks |
| Molecular nanotechnology | Theory and experiments | Small products and parts production & retail | Desktop devices that can make anything given the materials | Economic dislocation |
| CVD production of diamonds | Kevlar, Glass, Metal heatsinks | Hardest and most thermally conductive material known | ||
| Scramjet | Working Mach 10 Prototype | Jet engines, Rocket engines | Very fast air travel | Noise pollution, greenhouse gases |
| Wireless communication | Diffusion | Wired communication | Ubiquitous network connectivity | |
| 3D printing | In Commercial Production | Manual creation of prototypes and also some mass production methods that lack the ability for customization | Rapid prototyping and production of not only plastic objects but multi-material items, with the potential to significantly customize products for individual consumers | |
| Semantic Web or Answers Machine | Search engines | Making the web machine-readable by linking data on the web based on its meaning | ||
| OLED | Diffusion | LCD and plasma displays | Displays and screens of various kinds | |
| Machine translation | Human translation of natural languages, in areas where misunderstanding is non-critical and language is formalized | Easier cross-cultural communication | Loss of translation jobs for humans [Cn] | |
| Machine augmented cognition | Diffusion of primitive amplifications; working prototypes of more; theory and experiments on more substantial amplification | |||
| Nuclear fusion power | Theory and experiments | Fossil fuels, hydroelectricity, nuclear fission power | Electric power generation | |
| 3D optical data storage or Holographic data storage | Prototyping and research | All other optical data storage solutions, magnetic tape data storage, and other mass storage devices. | Storage and archiving of data that was previously erased for economic reasons | |
| Spintronics | Working prototypes | Mechanical magnetic hard disk drives | Data storage | |
| Metamaterials | Diffusion | Classical optics | Microscopes, cameras, cloaking devices | |
| High-temperature superconductivity | Working prototypes in dry ice; theory and experiments for higher temperatures | Copper wire | No loss conductors, frictionless bearings, magnetic levitation | |
| 3D displays | Theory and experiments | CRT, LCD, and other display technologies | Television, Computer interfaces, cinemas | |
| PAVs | Commercial production | High fuel costs | ||
| Quantum computing | Theory and experiments | Electronic computing, optical computing | Much faster computing, for certain kinds of problems | |
| Hydrogen economy | Diffusion (of hydrogen fuel cells); Theory and experiments for less expensive production of hydrogen | Other technologies for storing energy (conventional batteries, fossil fuels) | Green storage of energy | |
| Nanowire battery | Working prototypes | Other technologies for storing energy (hydrogen, conventional batteries and in some cases fossil fuels) | Laptops, cell phones and long-range electric cars. Storing power for electric grid | |
| Reliable Global Navigation Satellite System | System currently being produced | Various custom built systems | Mission critical navigation | |
| WiTricity | Working prototypes | Electrical cables | Wireless energy transfer | |
| Vitrification or Cryoprotectant | Theory and some experiments | Ischemic Damages | Organ transplant | |
| Non-rocket spacelaunch | Theory and some experiments | Rocket | ||
| Holography | ||||
| Thermal copper pillar bump | Working prototypes in discrete devices | Conventional thermal solutions, heat sinks, bulk thermoelectrics | Electric circuit cooling; micro-fluidic actuators; small-device thermoelectric power generation |